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Shares And Stock Exchange, India

The market or place, where securities, viz. shares are exchange / traded or simply where buying and selling talks place, is called stock exchange or stock market.

Presently, the stock market in India consists of twenty three regional stock exchanges and two national exchanges, namely, the National Stock Exchange (NSE) And Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTC)

The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is the largest Stock Exchange, in the country, where maximum transactions, in terms of money and shares take place. The other major stock exchanges, are Calcutta, Madras and Delhi Stock Exchanges. Other one at Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Bangalore, Kanpur, Rajkot, Hyderabad, Cochin, Pune, Bhubaneshwar, Guwahti, Indore, Mangalore, Ludhiana, Patna, Saurashtra, Vadodara, Coimbatore, Meerut, and Surat.

Trading Of Shares In Stock Exchange

Trading of shares in a stock exchange takes place through Registered Stockbrokers, Transfer Agent etc.

Buyer gets in touch with a Broker, and gives him all the details of shares he wants to buy. Then the broker strikes a requisite deal and receives share certificate, and transfer form. After deducting, documents to the buyers.

As for seller, he also gets in touch with a broker and gives him details alongwith share certificates and transfer forms. Once the deal is struck, broker receives the payment and deducts his commission.

Each stock exchange has certain listed and permitted securities that are traded on its floor.

Floor Trading Apart, from NSC, and OTC, trading takes place mainly through on open outcry system on the trading floor of the exchange during the official trading hours.

There are several "notional" trading posts for different securities where the buyer and seller get in contact with each other. These buyers and seller, are authorised Brokers or Agents or a shareholder. Buyer make their bids and sellers make their offers, and bargains are closed at the mutually agreed upon prices. In stock, where jobbing is done, the "jobber", plays an important role. This is floor trading, where buyer and seller transact face to face using a variety of signals.

Screen based Trading In a screen-based system, the trading ring is replaced by the computer screen and distant participants can trade with each other through the computer network. A large number of participants, geographically separated can trade simultaneously at high speeds. The screen based trading systems are of two types:

1. Quote Driven System, and
2. Order Driven System, and

Under the quote driven system for trading, market makes input two way quotes in the system. Market players, then contact the market makers over telephone, negotiable, and trace. Under the order driven system, client place their orders with the brokers, which are then fed, into the system. These are then automatically matched according to certain rules.

Functioning Of Stock Exchange

Transfer Of Shares

Procedure / Steps To Be Followed By The Company With Regard To Transfer Of Shares

Right Of Transferee On Shares Pending Registration Of Transfers

Stamp Duty On Transfer

Refusal By Company To Register The Transfer Of Shares

Appeal Against Refusal

I.P.O.'s (INITIAL PUBLIC OFFER)